While contracts between companies and consumers are subject to certain restrictions under consumer protection laws and other regulations (regularly, illegal contract clauses are overturned by the courts), there are hardly any restrictions between companies. This is because the legislator considers consumers to be much more in need of protection than companies.

The maxim "Pacta sunt servanda" ("Agreements must be kept") can have serious consequences for carelessly drafted contracts between companies.

A common problem is that contracts prepared by technicians and procurement departments regularly cause problems during performance disruptions and lead to disputes. Contracts drafted by in-house lawyers or commissioned attorneys are usually more detailed, but lawyers generally have little knowledge of the technical subject matter of the contract. Therefore, discussions and site inspections often proceed very laboriously, with important aspects frequently being overlooked here as well.

Since my time studying, I have specialized in contract law with technical content, enabling me to combine the best of both worlds. As I usually conduct the engineering work and am therefore well acquainted with the technical subject matter of the contract, I can perfectly tailor the contract to it. The contracts I create are clear and understandable for both the client and the contractor, taking into account all facets of a project. Each contracting party knows what they are getting or what they are required to do. To date, there have been no contract disputes with the contracts I have drafted.

While I am very familiar with claim management, fortunately, I have rarely had to use this knowledge in my projects. Detailed planning in advance and a meticulously working project manager can minimize the need for claim management.

Commercial legal protection and intellectual property rights (IP), more commonly known by the English term "intellectual property rights (IP)," encompass legal fields that primarily protect company designations, trademarks, and commercially exploitable creative media outputs from authors in the marketing and advertising industry, as well as from the fields of science and research. Patents, in particular, should have a high significance in every company regardless of its size, as many small companies have already risen to become world-famous companies through patent rights (e.g., Zippo, Leatherman, Glock).

Patent law is an intriguing field due to its close relationship with technology, which I have been regularly (though not permanently) engaging with for almost two decades. From Freedom to Operate searches to questions of patentability, drafting patent texts and license agreements, I essentially perform the activities that a patent engineer would carry out.

In broad terms, administrative law refers to the state's execution outside of the judiciary. In other words, it encompasses legal matters that are not enforced by a court but by other authorities within the framework of administrative and private sector management.

I deal with all administrative laws and regulations that affect my plant construction projects. This includes building regulations, commercial law, regulations for industrial plants, relevant environmental laws and regulations, the Gas Business Act, Machinery Safety Regulation, and more.

As I typically handle the engineering for the projects and am therefore well versed in the technical aspects, I can prepare the documents for regulatory submissions seamlessly. Authorities appreciate when an engineer is familiar with every detail of the project and also follows regulatory protocols like a lawyer."

The law called IT law (Information Technology Law) or a similar term does not exist, contrary to the misconception of many. The common term 'IT law' refers to a collection of legal areas such as international private law, industrial property law, but also more specific legal norms like domain law, e-commerce law, or data protection law.

As an ethical hacker, it is crucial to operate within the boundaries of the law at all times. Upholding legal standards is not just a moral obligation but a fundamental aspect of maintaining trust and credibility in the cybersecurity field.

The term "foreigners law" encompasses all legal provisions in Austria, such as asylum law, dealing with the entry and residence of individuals without Austrian citizenship within the country.

Thanks to my many years of work as a lawyer at the Ministry of the Interior, I have been able to not only gain extensive experience in this field but also learn the nuances of the law from top experts in legal science.

The time I spent with my superiors, colleagues, and coworkers will always remain unforgettable to me.

In recent years, I have carried out a variety of public and private tenders. Since I typically handle the engineering and am therefore familiar with the tender subject, I can tailor the associated tender documents perfectly to it.

My tender documents are clear and understandable for both the client and the bidder, covering all aspects of a project. To date, there have been no disputes or objections with my tenders.

Adhering to all private law regulations and measures is essential for a successful company. I have primarily specialized in the following private law topics: legal transactions and legal relationships, contract law, tort law, distribution law, product liability law, labor law, leasing and franchise contracts, property law, and commercial law.

In Austria, there are over 20 substantive laws that fall under tax law. Many citizens are affected by taxes such as VAT, property tax, income tax, and payroll tax. For companies, restructuring tax, the advertising levy law, or the foundation entry tax law are also highly relevant. With the requisite expertise, tax law can be an intriguing subject, particularly when it comes to how companies can minimize their tax burden. This aspect has always been of great interest to me and was likely one of the main reasons why I studied Business Administration.

"Today we know the price of everything and the value of nothing" (Oscar Wilde).

Determining the value is becoming increasingly crucial in the field of intellectual property rights. This applies not only to major corporations but also to medium-sized businesses, which play a significant role in technological innovation. The importance of a technology valuation tailored to the industry and the company's perspective is exemplified by costly developments that fail to gain market acceptance. Patent valuation is a critical element of the overall assessment of intellectual property. Decisions regarding the continuation of developments and the application or maintenance of intellectual property rights stem from this evaluation.

It is a highly intricate topic that I covered in my thesis.

Project management is definitely the discipline where I can perform at my best due to the interdisciplinary nature of the work and the level of autonomy it provides.

I typically adhere to ISO 21500 guidelines but I am also acquainted with the standards of the IPMA - International Project Management Association.

However, more crucial than any project management methodology is the readiness to push boundaries and go beyond them. A project manager must be prepared, like a Navy SEAL, to endure the notorious 'hell weeks'.

Corporate law is a generic term for a variety of substantive laws. In addition to the forms of companies, corporate law also covers aspects such as mergers, divisions, transformations, acquisitions, restructurings, and company rescues. Liability issues for directors, supervisory board members, and shareholders are also part of corporate law. The complexity of this area of law varies greatly. While small businesses have fewer regulations to adhere to, scenarios like merging a globally operating corporation or rescuing a bank are highly complex.

For some time now, I have been intensively involved with industrial insurances, which encompass various technical, legal, and economic aspects.

A 100% exclusion of certain risks is often not possible despite the greatest care. While minor damages may still be tolerable, major damages can spell the end for a company. Due to the often hidden risks, it is advisable for every company to conduct thorough risk management involving experts from various fields.

It is often overlooked that existing insurance premiums can be reduced if a company's facility is improved through minor yet effective measures. Especially with older facilities, there is often considerable potential for savings on insurance premiums.

It is advisable to discuss industrial insurances before the start of a new project. In addition to the possibility of project coverage, one must also consider the dangers that can arise during modernization work on existing facilities.